Safety phrases, or S-phrases, consist of the letter S followed by a number. S-phrases denote the appropriate safety precautions and measures to take in order to safely work with hazardous chemicals in the workplace.
As the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS) is implemented, safety phrases (S-phrases) are being phased out in favor of hazard statements and precautionary statements. You should expect to see precautionary statements appear on labels and Material Safety Data Sheets over the next few years as the US moves toward complying with the GHS. To learn more about precautionary statements, or P-statements, click here.
More than one S-phrase may appear on a label or MSDS safety sheet. Safety phrases may also appear in combination. The meaning of each of these S-phrases appears in the table below.
| Single Safety Phrases | |
| S1: | Keep locked up. |
| S2: | Keep out of the reach of children. |
| S3: | Keep in a cool place. |
| S4: | Keep away from living quarters. |
| S5: | Keep contents under … (appropriate liquid to be specified by the manufacturer). |
| S6: | Keep under … (inert gas to be specified by the manufacturer). |
| S7: | Keep container tightly closed. |
| S8: | Keep container dry. |
| S9: | Keep container in a well-ventilated place. |
| S12: | Do not keep container sealed. |
| S13 | Keep away from food, drink and animal feeding stuffs. |
| S14: | Keep away from … (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer). |
| S15: | Keep away from heat. |
| S16: | Keep away from sources of ignition – No smoking. |
| S17: | Keep away from combustible material. |
| S18: | Handle and open container with care. |
| S20: | When using do not eat or drink. |
| S21: | When using do not smoke. |
| S22: | Do not breathe dust. |
| S23: | Do not breathe gas/fumes/vapor/spray (appropriate wording to be specified by the manufacturer). |
| S24: | Avoid contact with skin. |
| S25: | Avoid contact with eyes. |
| S26: | In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. |
| S27: | Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. |
| S28: | After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of … (to be specified by the manufacturer). |
| S29: | Do not empty into drains. |
| S30: | Never add water to this product. |
| S33: | Take precautionary measures against static discharges. |
| S34 (obsolete): | Avoid shock and friction. No longer used. |
| S35: | This material and its container must be disposed of in a safe way. |
| S36: | Wear suitable protective clothing. |
| S37: | Wear suitable gloves. |
| S38: | In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. |
| S39: | Wear eye/face protection. |
| S40: | To clean the floor and all objects contaminated by this material, use … (to be specified by the manufacturer). |
| S41: | In case of fire and/or explosion, do not breathe fumes. |
| S42: | During fumigation/spraying, wear suitable respiratory equipment (appropriate wording to be specified by the manufacturer). |
| S43: | In case of fire, use … (indicate in the space the precise type of fire-fighting equipment. If water increases the risk, add – Never use water). |
| S44 (obsolete) | If you feel unwell, seek medical advice (show the label where possible). No longer used. |
| S45: | In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible). |
| S46: | If swallowed, seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label. |
| S47: | Keep at temperature not exceeding …°C (to be specified by the manufacturer). |
| S48: | Keep wetted with … (appropriate material to be specified by the manufacturer). |
| S49: | Keep only in the original container. |
| S50: | Do not mix with … (to be specified by the manufacturer). |
| S51: | Use only in well-ventilated areas. |
| S52: | Not recommended for interior use on large surface areas. |
| S53: | Avoid exposure – obtain special instructions before use. |
| S54 (obsolete): | Obtain the consent of pollution control authorities before discharging to wastewater treatment plants. No longer used. |
| S55: | Treat using the best available techniques before discharge into drains or the aquatic environment. No longer used. |
| S56: | Dispose of this material and its container at hazardous or special waste collection point. |
| S57: | Use appropriate container to avoid environmental contamination. |
| S58 (obsolete): | To be disposed of as hazardous waste. No longer used. |
| S59: | Refer to manufacturer/supplier for information on recovery/recycling. |
| S60: | This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. |
| S61: | Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/Safety data sheets. |
| S62: | If swallowed do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label. |
| Multiple Safety Phrases | |
| S1/2: | Keep locked up and out of reach of children. |
| S3/7: | Keep container tightly closed in a cool place. |
| S3/9 (obsolete): | Keep in a cool, well-ventilated place. No longer used. |
| S3/7/9 (obsolete): | Keep container tightly closed in a cool, well-ventilated place. No longer used. |
| S3/9/14: | Keep in a cool, well-ventilated place away from … (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer). |
| S3/9/49: | Keep only in the original container in a cool, well-ventilated place. |
| S3/9/14/49: | Keep only in the original container in a cool, well-ventilated place away from … (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer). |
| S3/14: | Keep in a cool place away from … (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer). |
| S7/8: | Keep container tightly closed and dry. |
| S7/9: | Keep container tightly closed and in a well-ventilated place. |
| S20/21: | When using do not eat, drink or smoke. |
| S24/25: | Avoid contact with skin and eyes. |
| S36/37: | Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. |
| S36/39: | Wear suitable protective clothing and eye/face protection. |
| S37/39: | Very toxic by inhalation and if swallowed. |
| S36/37/39: | Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. |
| S47/49: | Keep only in the original container at temperature not exceeding …°C (to be specified by the manufacturer). |
| S3/7: | Keep container tightly closed in a cool place. |
| S7/47: | Keep only in the original container at temperature not exceeding …°C (to be specified by the manufacturer). |
| S29/56: | Do not empty into drains, dispose of this material and its container at hazardous or special waste collection point. |
To contact MSDS Authoring Services regarding any additional questions about S-Phrases, click here.